Rock Deformation: - Every rock, no matter how strong, has a point at which it will fracture or flow. Deformation refers to all changes in the original shape of rock.
There are three basic types of forces: compressional pushes rock together, tensional pulls rock apart and shear occurs when rock slides past rock
Rock deformations are generally either folds or faluts or combinations of folds and faults.
A fold, or a bend in rock can either arch upward (anticline) or curve downward (syncline). Folds can by symetrical or asymetrical. If the fold has a round shape then either basins (like a bowl) or domes are formed.
Faults are fractures or breaks in rock. They can be caused by any of the above forces. There are four main types: normal faults, reverse faults, thrust faults and strike-slip faults. Recognizing the various types of faults in diagrams and photographs is a major objective for this topic.
Google the following terms and examine photographs that you find on the Internet